Atomic clocks and quantum timekeeping
From mechanical pendulums to quantum oscillations - explore how modern science achieved unprecedented precision in timekeeping, enabling GPS, internet synchronization, and fundamental physics research.
The evolution of ultra-precise timekeeping
Using cesium-133 atomic transitions for ultimate precision
1 second in 15 billion years
Satellite-based global positioning and time distribution
Nanosecond synchronization
Broadcasting precise time via radio waves worldwide
Millisecond precision
Synchronizing computer clocks across the internet
Sub-millisecond over networks
Next-generation clocks using optical transitions
1 second in 300 billion years
Future quantum-based timekeeping systems
Theoretical ultimate precision
How precision timekeeping powers modern technology
Requires nanosecond precision for accurate location determination
Navigation, mapping, emergency services
High-frequency trading depends on microsecond timestamps
Stock markets, cryptocurrency, banking
Network synchronization for data centers and communications
Web services, cloud computing, telecommunications
Fundamental physics experiments require extreme precision
Particle physics, astronomy, quantum research
Continue your journey through time with ancient methods and calendar systems.